How the Military Determines Medal Awards: Criteria and Process

Medals are a significant part of military honors, recognizing specific actions, campaigns, or exceptional bravery. Understanding how the military determines when to award a medal is crucial for both service members and those who seek to commend their bravery.

Understanding Medal Criteria

Each medal carries specific criteria based on the type and situation. These criteria are meticulously structured to ensure that only the most deserving actions are honored. The types of medals can be categorized into campaign medals, gallantry awards, and commendations.

Criteria for Campaign Medals

Campaign medals are awarded to service members who have participated in significant military operations. These medals often require a minimum of 30 days of service within the operational theater. This timeframe can be consecutive or non-consecutive, but in the exceptional cases where a soldier is killed or wounded, the time requirement is automatically waived.

Critically Examining Gallantry Awards

Gallantry awards are more contentious and involve a more thorough examination process. These medals are awarded to recognize acts of exceptional bravery that warrant special recognition. According to military regulations, a board must evaluate the evidence and determine whether the soldier's actions meet the required level of bravery. However, there's an exception known as the 'Mentioned in Despatches' oak leaves, where the formation commander has the discretion to single out a soldier for mention without going through a formal board process.

Awards Request and Approval Process

When a situation arises and a recommendation for a medal is made, it follows a structured chain of command. The process begins when an individual who witnesses a commendable action nominates a soldier for an award. This recommendation then moves through the ranks, ultimately reaching the approving authority who is responsible for making the final decision. The approving authority can either approve, downgrade, or deny the award based on their assessment.

Chain of Command and Decision-Making

The chain of command plays a critical role in the decision-making process. Recommendations start at the lowest levels, where junior officers or non-commissioned officers observe and report on actions that merit recognition. These reports then ascend through the ranks, being reviewed and eventually presented to the final decision-makers. Transparency and due diligence are essential to ensure that the highest standards are maintained in awarding these honors.

Conclusion: A Balanced Approach

Medals represent the culmination of a rigorous and thoughtful process. They honor those who have put themselves in harm's way to protect their comrades and the nation. By understanding the criteria and the process, individuals can appreciate the significance of these awards and the commitment of the military service.

For those interested in military honors, it's crucial to comprehend the complexity of the award process. This knowledge not only aids in recognizing the true heroes but also helps in ensuring that the military maintains its highest standards of bravery and valor.